How to prevent pests from protecting natural enemies
The natural enemies of pests in orchards are mainly predatory and parasitic. The predatory natural enemies are grasshoppers, ladybugs, spiders, crickets, birds, etc. They can kill a variety of pests and even insects; parasitic Natural enemies mainly include a variety of parasitic bee insects, etc., which can be parasited in vivo or in vitro. Natural enemies of pests play an important inhibitory role in the occurrence of pests. For this reason, when formulating a comprehensive pest control strategy for fruit trees, natural enemies must be protected and natural control of natural enemies should be fully utilized.
First, orchard grass. Orchard grass cultivation refers to the cultivation of beneficial grass species between fruit trees, which is generally based on legumes. Commonly used grass species are alfalfa and white clover. These grasses germinate early and have a long growth period, which is beneficial to the activities of natural enemies. Practice has proved that there are a large number of natural enemies in grass orchards and species are abundant, and the ecological environment of orchards is more stable, which can effectively curb the spread of pests.
Second, to strengthen the prevention and control of pests in the dormant period of fruit trees, reduce the pressure of prevention and control in the growing season, and promote the restoration and establishment of pest natural enemy communities. During the late dormancy of fruit trees, a large number of wintering pests have emerged and the natural enemies of pests have not yet emerged. At this time, the pests have the weakest resistance and the best timing for prevention and control. They should take full advantage of cutting, scraping and other measures to control pests. In mid-March, the whole park sealed and sprayed 5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur. In early April, insect pests were eradicated using broad-spectrum insecticides based on pest monitoring results and using the weak resistance of insect pests during the outbreak period.
Third, with selective insecticide, acaricide. According to practice, there are many insecticides and acaricides that have little effect on natural enemy activities. They are known as selective pesticides. Commonly used insecticides include diflubenzuron 3, carbenoxime, cascalope, imidacloprid, and fleas. , Oil emulsions, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, etc., acaricidal agents, Liuyangmycin, dying net, Nissoline, Ciprofloxacin, sulphur suspension and so on.
Fourth, artificial breeding, the release of natural enemies. For some common pests, the natural reproduction of the natural enemy alone is very difficult to control because the natural enemies often follow the pests and become passive. If natural enemies are not enough at the beginning of pests, if a certain number of natural enemies are released in advance, pests can be actively controlled and better control effects can be achieved.
5. Do not spray or spray broad-spectrum insecticides during the growth period of fruit trees. Like natural enemies, most of the species overwinter in orchards. After the fruit trees fell, the natural enemies after the winter came out. In nature, pests are often found first, followed by natural enemies. This phenomenon is called natural enemies following the phenomenon. In the early period of fruit tree growth, there were many predatory natural enemies such as floret, grasshopper, ladybug, thrips, spider, and so on. After July, predatory mites became the main enemy of the orchards. Therefore, in the early period of fruit tree growth (before June), as little or no spraying of broad-spectrum insecticides is used, these natural enemies are protected and play a role in controlling pests. In June-August, if the medication is reasonable, even without the use of drugs, the pests in the orchard and the leaf-feeding pests will be effectively controlled due to the large number of natural enemies.
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