Chemical control of Curvularia lunata

Corn Curvularia leaf spot, also known as Corn Curvularia leaf spot, spiro mycosis, or black mold, occurs mainly in the middle and late stages of corn growth, generally reducing production by 20% to 30%, and severely reducing the incidence by more than 50%. Even the harvest is a new disease that must be highly valued in corn production.

(1) The identification points are mainly harmful to the leaves. The lesions at the beginning of the disease are pale yellow transparent spots, and after enlargement, they are round, oval, spindle or strip lesions. The lesions are central milky white and the edges are yellow-brown or red-brown. Peripheral obvious halo halo, size 2 ~ 7 mm, and has a brown and white intermittent ring pattern, more obvious light observation. Under wet conditions, both gray and black molds appear on both sides of the lesion (distinguishable from eye spot). High-intensity varieties of leaf lesions throughout the plant, sometimes lesions meet each other, the formation of large spots, up to 10 mm, but by the veins, and gray spot disease symptoms are similar, pay attention to the difference. Late leaves partially or completely withered.

(2) Pathogenesis The pathogenic bacteria of the disease can survive safely in soil and plant foliage, latent in the diseased body tissue with mycelium or conidia, wintering, wintering in conidial state, and falling on field diseases. Leaves and straw are the main source of primary infection. Each year of jointing and tasseling, which coincides with the high-temperature rainy season, a large number of conidia are produced on the diseased body. They are transmitted by air currents and rainwater to the leaves. Under water film conditions, the conidia germinate and invade, causing morbidity and manifestations. Symptoms, while producing conidia for repeated infections.

The disease resistance of maize declines with the growth of plants. The resistance at seedling stage is strong, and it is susceptible to disease at the 9th to the 13th leaf stage. After tasseling, it is the epidemic peak period of the disease. This disease belongs to the adult plant disease and rarely occurs at the seedling stage. Maize has higher resistance to this disease than adult stage. The peak period of incidence in North China is from mid-August to early September, after tasseling. High temperature, high humidity, and more rainfall are beneficial to the disease, and the incidence of low-lying stagnant water and continuous cropping is heavier. Corn planting density, partial nitrogen fertilizer, prevention and control of loss of time or no control, extensive management, low-lying land plots and continuous crops are heavy.

(3) Control methods

1 Selection of disease-resistant varieties for agricultural control, corn deep-turning after harvest, early treatment of corn stalks, reducing the source of overwintering bacteria. In the cultivation of a reasonable rotation and intercropping interplanting, rational dense planting, early application of base fertilizer, timely application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, timely fertilizer in the later period, to prevent defermentation, improve plant resistance to disease. Timely irrigation, ensure sufficient water supply before and after pumping.

Clean the pastoral areas, remove the diseased plants and leaves in time after harvest, concentrate on deep ploughing or deep ploughing, reduce the sources of initial infections, deepen the pods, embed the pathogens, and reduce the initial infection sources.

2 Chemical control In the case of disease-adapted weather, when field incidence reaches 10%, 50% benomyl WP can be used 800 times, or 50% BF Zn 600 times, and 80% ANTHP WP can be 600 times. Liquid, 50% thiram 500 times, 40% fluorosiliconazole 6,000 times, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times, 50% carbendazim WP 500 times, 25% propiconazole 2000 times liquid spray control. Interval 7 to 10 days, continuous medication 2 to 3 times.

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