What is the best way to raise sheep?
Raising sheep housing construction scale
The decision to address the sheep house. The terrain is high, south slope, dry soil, good drainage; near the full ranch, feed base and abundant clean water; convenient transportation, but with the main road to maintain more than 2 km distance, with more than 10 kilowatts The power supply capacity; local and everywhere without disease.
Sheep house construction request
1. Reasonable layout. The single-row sheep house faces south and the sports ground is in the south of the sheep house. The ram house is built in the downwind position, and it is more than 50 meters away from the ram house. The sheep sheds and bred sheep huts are built at the superior position. The adult sheep huts are built next to it. The quarantine sheds are 100 meters away from the healthy sheep sheds.
2. Construction area. Rams are 1.5 square meters to 2.0 square meters each, ewe are 0.8 square meters to 1.0 square meters each, bred sheep are 0.6 square meters to 0.8 square meters each, and late pregnancy or nursing ewe are 2.2 square meters each -2.5 In terms of square meters, the lamb bar is calculated by adding 20% ​​to 25% of the floor area of ​​the basic ewes. There should be heating equipment in the room, insisting that the temperature in the delivery room is appropriate. The activity bureau area is about 2 times of the sheep house area.
3. Sheep house size. Shed height above 3.0 meters, mouth height above 2.4 meters, span of 6 meters, door width 1.5 meters to 2 meters, height of 2 meters, window area generally accounts for 1/15 of the floor area, Chaoyang, 1.5 meters above the ground .
4. Sheep bed. Constructed with wooden strips or bamboo strips, the distance is 1.5 centimeters to 2.0 centimeters, the wooden strip is 3.2 centimeters wide and 3.6 centimeters thick. The sheep bed is separated from the ground by 1.5 meters to 1.8 meters.
5. Walls. The wall is made of brick or metal aluminum sheet. The metal aluminum sheet is not only of good shape and good performance, but also is the development direction of rough sheep farm construction in the future.
6. Roof and ceiling. There are terracotta tiles in the house and foam boards in the ceiling.
7. Fencing. Fences in the sheep house and around the stadium are made of wooden fences or barbed wire or steel pipes and are 1.5 meters high. Shepherd's Equipment: The feeding trough adopts a fixed rectangular trough or mobile wooden trough, which is 23 meters long, 0.25 meters wide, 0.20 meters wide and 0.15 meters high. It is located in the sheep house. The sink is located on the sports ground, and the shape is almost the same as the feeding trough. On the sheep's fence, an inverted triangle frame was made with wooden strips, and the wooden strip was about 0.10 meters away.
Feeding management system
It is necessary to do scientific grazing, supplement feeds in a reasonable manner, provide comprehensive nutrition, and keep the bar ring dry. Shepherd sunny day * day grazing, supplement feed at night, an average of 250 grams each, salt 10 grams each, placed in clean drinking water to let the sheep drink. Rain and snow feeding, 3 meals of fodder during the day, 2 meals, feed the fodder first, then feed the concentrate.
The breeding and management of rams will be enhanced one and a half months before breeding. The amount of concentrate will be fed at 60%-70% of the amount of feed during breeding period. When the species is bred, it will be full-priced nutrition and be fed with fresh eggs or milk. Make up 1 kilogram-1.5 kilograms of concentrate, and pay attention to prevent ram fighting and crawling each other. Avoid shrubs or branches when grazing. Keep grazing and grazing with ewes.
Feeding sheds of ewes in breeding ewes can be supplemented with a small amount of pre-pregnancy gestation. In the later period of pregnancy, grazing and feeding materials should be adopted. Grazing is early and late, and about 6 hours every day, before feeding, feeding after grazing. Each sheep was filled with 1 kg of high quality hay, 1 kg of corn silage, and 0.4 kg - 0.8 kg of concentrate. The amount of ewes supplemented by pregnant women is doubled. In addition, 5 grams of -7 grams of bone meal supplemented daily, salt 5 grams -10 grams. Do not feed chilly feed, drink cold water, skip gully, do not climb steep slopes, do not walk icicles, and do not crowd in and out of the circle. One week before birth, stay in the vicinity of grazing, watch the day and night, to avoid the death of people outside the circle.
Ewe feeding ewes drink milk from the ewes, feed rice porridge, and participate in a small amount of rice bran and salt. Feeding high-quality hay, supplementing corn, soybean cake and other condiments, there are prerequisites to feed carrots, white radish and other juicy feed. Two weeks after giving birth in the production circle, feeding and drinking water regularly every day. The single lamb lamb supplemented 1 kilogram of hay, 1 kilogram-1.5 kilogram of silage corn, and 0.4 kilograms-0.5 kilograms of concentrate. The double lamb lamb supplemented 1.5 kilograms of hay daily, 1.5 kilograms of silage corn, and 0.6 kilograms-0.8 kilograms of concentrate. Two weeks later, pastures can be grazing in the surrounding areas. Before going to feed in the morning, at noon and in the evening after the harvest, they must feed on time. One month after childbirth, the ewes rely on grazing for nutrition and night feeding.
The cultivation of sheep raises the grass to the newborn sheep and the sheep's ring. The temperature is kept above 5°C and the colostrum is eaten for two hours after birth. The ewes are separated from their husbands 5 days after delivery, and they can be grazing in the neighbourhood, feeding in the noon circle, and merging in the mother and son at night. Raising sheep within 10 days, breast-feeding 5 times a day - 6 times, 10 days - 30 days, breast-feeding 3 times - 4 times a day. About 10 days can be eaten, fed some fresh grass, eucalyptus leaves and other soft tender feed, supplement feed concentrate, starting from 25 grams per day, then gradually increased to 50 grams -75 grams, to protect the sheep clean drinking water. One month ago, grazing is the mainstay, supplemented by breastfeeding, breastfeeding 3 times a day, and feeding at night. From 1 month to 2 months of age, 150 grams to 200 grams of supplemental concentrate; 3 months to 4 months of age, 200 grams to 300 grams of supplemental concentrate. About 4 months of age can be weaned, grazing, feeding at night.
The management of bred sheep is dominated by grazing, and hay, green feed, root and tuber feed, concentrate, salt, and drinking water are properly replenished at night. Slow grazing is usually adopted to prevent the rush of galloping and to prevent the loss of the sheep if it is too evacuated. The weather in spring is changeable. Grazing should be late. Grazing should be early. When the weather is good, no circling at noon will allow the sheep to eat more food. In the summer, it will be early and late, and at noon, rushed to the cool place for a rest. In the early fall and early fall, there will be no rest at noon. In the winter, it is necessary to prevent the miscarriage of ewes or diseases of the digestive tract caused by eating dew grass or frozen grass, and to keep the sheep house warm. It is necessary to drink fresh water for the sheep every day and well water for winter. Pay attention to animal protection, snake bites, and poisonous grass.
Breeding techniques must be scientific
The selection of breeding goats will be reserved by the younger male and female ewes who produce a lot of lambs, tall bodies and fast growth, and will be registered with their ears.
Matching time. An annual output of 2 tires can be bred at the beginning of April and the lambs will be born at the beginning of September; the second child will be bred at the beginning of October and will be born at the beginning of March of the following year. It is best to concentrate the flocks in one month to one and a half months in order to focus on lamb production and facilitate management and industrialization.
Production. The goat's gestation period was approximately 145 days. Before delivery, the delivery room was cleaned and the wall and floor were sterilized with 5% alkaline water or 2%-3% of Lysol or Yujieling. Cut the ewes around the breast and the inside of the hind limbs. Wash the udders with lukewarm water and squeeze out how many drops of colostrum. Then wash the ewes' tails, outer doors and anus and disinfect them.
Confidence staff cut their nails and wash their hands. After the birth of the sheep, first wipe the mucus in the mouth, nostrils and ears, and the mucus on the sheep's body. It is best to ewe the ewes. If the ewes are poor in motherhood, the mucus on the fetus can be applied to the ewe's mouth and the ewes can be sedated. After the normal umbilical cord tears off, it is disinfected with 5% iodine. Cut off the umbilicus manually and cut it with sterile scissors at a distance of 4 cm to 5 cm from the umbilicals of the sheep, and wipe the cross section with iodine.
Postpartum care. About 1 hour after delivery, the ewes are naturally excreted in the placenta and must be removed in time to avoid swallowing by the ewe. If it is not discharged after 4 hours to 5 hours, it should be done as a placenta stripping operation. About 1 hour after giving birth, the ewe should be given some warm water and 15 g/day of salt.
Disease prevention and standardization
The feces is cleaned, deposited, sealed and fermented to kill pathogenic bacteria and parasites in the feces. Monthly prevention of sheep sheds, appliances and stadiums, etc., can be used for 3% to Sur or new lime water, 20% of jiejieling and other common disinfection drugs. In April, June, and November each year, ecbenzimidazole and avermectin are used to fully drive the parasites inside and outside the body. The most important thing is to select vaccines according to the conditions and laws of the local infectious diseases and to carry out preventive injections on schedule. The following vaccines are important: 1. Sheep anaerobic triple vaccine, prevention of sheep anthrax, sheep epidemic and sheep enterotoxemia, sheep sub-injection of 3 ml within half a year, sheep over half age, each subcutaneous injection of 5 ml Immunization period is 6 months to 8 months. 2. Brucella-like sheep type 5 viable attenuated vaccine 2 ml / only, subcutaneous injection or intramuscular injection, immunization period is 1 year. 3. Anthrax spore vaccine No. 2 0.2 ml / only, subcutaneous injection, immunization period of 1 year; 4. Tetanus alum toxin 0.5 ml / only subcutaneous injection in the neck 1/3, the immunization period is 1 year.
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