After the cold dew, pay attention to the protection of local cuisine
On October 8th, it was cold weather. The farmer said: The cold dew is a "dew is cold and will be frozen." At this time, the temperature is lower than the autumnal equinox, and there is more dew. The dew on the ground that was originally white and crystal is about to condense into frost, and the chill is more prosperous.
The average monthly temperature in Beijing has dropped to around 15°C. It is warm and fresh in autumn, mild in climate, and abundant in light. It is suitable for the growth and development of all kinds of vegetables. In early October, it has begun to bloom, and cucumbers, legumes and other thermophilic vegetables have entered the city. Period; cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce and other cold-resistant and semi-cold vegetables are growing season, the cold-dried solar farm fields gradually from open to protected areas, production should strengthen the following aspects of vegetable farm management.
Solar greenhouse film, upper insulation material
Into the dew cold, the outside temperature gradually decreased, solar greenhouses and small sheds do not buckle film or need to replace the film should be covered as soon as possible to prevent early frost damage. To grow tomato, cucumber, pepper, eggplant and other thermophilic crops in the solar greenhouse, we must use good-quality light-transmitting and anti-fog membranes. The conditional greenhouses can use PO, POP and PEP functional membranes. 0.1 mm or more. When the membrane is buckled, it is necessary to leave two air outlets underneath, that is, covering the three greenhouse membranes, which is conducive to the growth of crops. The air outlets and the doorway are sealed with insect nets. The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film should not be used in the greenhouse where eggplant is grown and in the greenhouse where organic food is produced. When the outside temperature is lower than 15°C, the grasshopper or the insulation is kept warm. Must use good insulation performance grasshoppers or insulation, specific standards are: Grasshopper weight per square meter is more than 4 kg, and the thickness is not even transparent from the shed; insulation thickness is 4 cm, weight per square meter in 1.5 More than kilograms, but also choose to have a waterproof insulation. After the greenhouse buckle film should pay attention to ventilation, prevent high temperature emergence leggy seedlings. The celery planted in the open field can be insulated by deducting a small shed to cover grasshoppers, which can be postponed for 1-2 months.
Sunlight greenhouse cucumber, summer squash colonization
Cucumber and summer squash during the colonization period should be determined according to the greenhouse insulation performance, insulation performance of moderate greenhouses (insulation effect at about 20 °C, that is, the minimum ambient temperature in winter -15 °C, the minimum temperature in the shed can reach 5 °C) in October Planting in the early days; a solar greenhouse with good insulation properties (insulation effect above 25°C, ie outside minimum temperature in winter -15°C, minimum temperature within the shed can reach above 10°C) can be cultivated in winter, suitable for late 10 to early November Planting, the market for New Year's Day, Spring Festival, and the coming spring will be available at the time of product harvest.
In order to reduce pathogenic bacteria and eggs and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, clean pastoral areas should be removed in a timely manner after the production of the last crop is finished, and clean residual roots, leaves, and weeds should be cleaned and transported to the ground for high-temperature composting. deal with. It is necessary to do a good job in the disinfection of greenhouses and soil fertigation in advance, and use more than 5,000 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer that is cooked and finely chopped up per mu, and 3,000 kilograms of bio-organic fertilizer or commodity organic fertilizer can be used in areas where the source of organic fertilizers is difficult. Deep plowing about 30 centimeters, plough the plowing soil till it is loose, flat, without light and dark plowing, make a sorghum 20 centimeters higher than the ground, cover the mulch, choose sunny afternoon planting, melon crops should be planted shallowly, seedlings and ground Appropriate leveling is appropriate, consistent depth and density, and reasonable density.
Solar greenhouse vegetables to strengthen water and fertilizer management
Early colonization of tomato, eggplant, pepper and other thermophilic crops have entered flowering fruit set. The first to adjust the appropriate temperature, light and moisture growth environment, suitable temperature during the day 23 °C -28 °C, 15 °C -18 °C at night; often scrub the film, so that the crop as much as possible to see the light. The second is to hang the vines in time, circling the vines and pruning them. The third should be timely watering, top dressing. The fourth is that the tomato and eggplant take timely auxiliary pollination measures to promote fruit set and early sparse excess fruit and malformed fruit. Fifth, prevention and control of pests and diseases, especially the prevention of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease, pepper blight and eggplant Verticillium wilt. In addition, due to the high temperatures in summer and autumn this year, the occurrence of heavier stem rot of tomato stems should be controlled.
Greenhouse vegetables pay attention to insulation cold
Greenhouse vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, etc. have reached the mid-to-late stage of fruit harvesting. We must do a good job in regulating the temperature and heat insulation in the shed. In case of cold weather, a straw curtain or insulation around the lower part of the night shed can be found. To keep warm. Timely watering and foliar sprays were used to promote growth, and fertilization was stopped 30 days before the pull. Dissipate malformed fruits, pests, and fruits that are too late to mature as early as possible; harvest fruits in time to prevent falling. Pay attention to tomato late blight, cucumber downy mildew and other pests and red spider, whitefly and other pest control work.
Celery, lettuce, cauliflower, lettuce, and other hi-cold vegetables are in their infancy. We must strengthen watering, topdressing, and adjust suitable temperature management. The suitable temperature is 18°C-22°C during the day and 10°C-12°C during the night. Do a good job in preventing and controlling pests and diseases such as gray mold and cauliflower black rot, celery leaf spot.
Chinese cabbage and radish grow rapidly
Strengthen management
Vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish, and carrots are growing rapidly, and field management must be strengthened. First, timely watering, top dressing, especially radish, carrots to water evenly, generally do not need to top-dressing; Chinese cabbage is in the middle of the package, we must always keep the soil moist until the harvest can not be short of water, soil land general interval 7 Days, the land of sandy soil seeps quickly, pouring water every 5 days. Follow the water topdressing 1-2 times of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizers, each time 5-8 kilograms per acre, after the frost and solar terms no longer top-dressing. Second, timely prevention and control of pests and diseases, the disease mainly for mildew and soft rot disease, vegetable ridges in the humidity is the main cause of disease transmission, we must avoid flooding flood irrigation, to pour small water is appropriate to find the disease after the prevention and treatment as soon as possible. Insect pests mainly control pests such as Brassica napus, Spodoptera exigua, and other insect pests and aphids. Pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and Pterocarpus japonicum are preferred. Highly toxic and high residual pesticides are prohibited.
Instantly harvested vegetables in open field
Planting of cucumbers, legumes, eggplants, peppers and other thermophilic crops that have been planted in open fields has stopped growing. For early vegetables such as cabbage and rapeseed, garland chrysanthemum, lettuce, spinach, cilantro, celery, radish, etc., they can be harvested one after another and harvested in the best commodity period.
Onion early harvest
In order to harvest the scallion early in October, if it is harvested too late, it will affect its commodity nature. Therefore, according to the market demand in time to harvest and sell, can not be sold for a time, take the storage method to increase the selling price.
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