Post-harvest management of jujube trees

It takes more than a month for the jujube tree fruit to reach the deciduous winter. During this period, the nutrition of the tree is transferred from the pre-harvest to the fruit and turned to its own accumulation, which is an important period for restoring the tree vigor. Strengthen post-harvest management, increase tree nutrient reserve, restore tree vigor, and increase tree stress resistance, laying a good foundation for high yield and quality in the coming year. Management measures are as follows:

1. Foliar quick-applied fertilizer. Immediately after fruit picking, foliar fertilizer application was carried out with a mixture of 0.3%-0.5% urea and 0.3%-0.4% potassium dioxophosphate to supplement nutrient deficiencies after fruit harvesting, delaying leaf senescence, and avoiding early defoliation. The photosynthetic efficiency in the later period increases the nutrient accumulation of the tree and reduces the falling and fruiting of the following year.

2. Early application of basal fat. Basal fertilizer is mainly composed of mature farm manure, and it is applied as soon as possible after fruit harvest. The application method varies depending on the age of the tree. The young jujube tree is mainly composed of ring-shaped furrows. In conjunction with the radial furrows, a 40-50 cm wide annular groove is opened at the periphery of the canopy, and the fertilizer is mixed with 3 times the earth and then poured in, and poured. water. The fertilizing site expands outwards with the crown expanding year by year, and a radial furrow is applied once every 2-3 years. That is, each plant opens 6-8 radial grooves with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 15-20 cm. . The roots of adult trees have been covered with crowns, and they can be used to fertilize or spread shallow planes between rows and then water the site. General mature tree plant organic fertilizer 50-100 kg, ammonium bicarbonate, superphosphate 1-2 kg each. The amount of tree fertilization below 10 years can be reduced as appropriate.

3. Clean the leaves. After the jujube deciduous, it is necessary to timely clean the fallen leaves, stamens and weeds in the jujube garden, collect them and bury them in the orchard, so as to reduce the sources of winter diseases and insect pests.

4. Turn the garden and change the soil. Before the soil is frozen in the late autumn and early winter, the jujube garden is deeply turned once, not only can improve the soil structure and promote the growth of roots, but also can turn the diseased leaves, residual fruits, weeds, etc. left on the surface into the soil. Peach pests, fruiting worms, jujube worms, and other pests that have been overwintering in the soil are turned to the surface and eaten by birds or frozen to death. The jujube plants planted in places with low soil, such as hillside land and floodplain, must be deep-turned and changed. The effect of turning garden time closer to the soil freezing period is better, and the depth of the garden is preferably 15-20 cm.

5. Pouring frozen water. In the late autumn and early winter, every fall orchard should be watered once. If there is no orchard orchard in autumn, it should also be irrigated according to soil moisture in order to improve the antifreeze ability of the root system. For saplings, irrigation can enhance their cold resistance and facilitate safe wintering.

6. Scrape bark. Some of the jujube tree pests, such as date worms, jujube buqu, etc., are generally used for wintering under the trees before September, and some also lay eggs or scabs for winter in the rough skin cracks of jujube trees. In the early winter, scrapers can be used to scrape the tree's cracks, cracks, and spots, combined with the shale orchard to pick up the overwintering pests and cockroaches and burn them together.

7. White painted trunk. After the jujube is defoliated, it is painted white with a whitening agent at the base of the trunk and branches to eliminate the overwintering bacteria and eggs on the trunk to prevent freezing damage. The formulation of the whitening agent is: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur solution, 1-2 parts of salt, 2 parts of clay and 36-40 parts of water.

8. Spray pesticides. After the deciduous defoliation of the jujube tree and before the germination, 3-5 Baume degrees lime sulfur or 100-200 times of the solibar is sprayed, which is effective for the control of overwintering pathogens and eggs.

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