Apple Garden Summer Management
2022-12-09 00:04:56
1, a reasonable intercropping
For 1-3 years old students who want to build new cultivars, they should choose dwarf, shallow root, and crops with no common pests or intermediate hosts for the intercropping; it is forbidden to intercrop high stalk crops. We will vigorously promote techniques such as rapeseed planting, soybean planting, and weeding in orchards to improve the orchard's ecological environment and increase soil fertility.
2, bud, wipe buds
The sprouting can promote the directional extraction of growing branches, speed up the cultivation of the stem branches, increase the germination rate, promote the germination of middle and short branches, reduce the baldness, increase the amount of branches, and help fill the air and promote flower bud formation. In general, the growing season can be carried out, that is, using a steel saw blade above or below the bud to cause injury. In addition to sprouting buds, sprouts will be less than 70 cm from the ground after the buds and buds in the spring, excessive germination and early eradication to reduce nutrient consumption.
3, timely pull branches, open angle
Open branch angle is one of the most important technical measures for tree-shape cultivation and tree transformation, which runs through the entire growing season. For 1-2 year old shoots, shoots should be drawn from mid-August to mid-September; shoots over 3 years old should be planted from flowering to mid-May to late-flowering branches; bald branches at the rear, preferably after budding in spring. Pull branches before flowering. The pull branch angle is generally 80-90
When the spring shoots reach 20-30 cm in length, a "toothpick" is used to open the angle; when branches grow to more than 70 cm in August-September, branches are used to ease angles; Branches on the "E" opener angle or soften the branches.
4, the control of branches
Dwarfing spindle-shaped plastic, requiring the center dry strong, for too thick and too large branches, to be updated in time, so that the main branch of the control of the thickness of 3-5 cm. For the coarse branches to take the oblique pile pruning method, the main branch is adjusted to a small main branch, which is conducive to flowering and results. Timely control of the center will prolong the competition branches near the head, and the excessively strong competition branches shall be removed in time, and other branches may be taken for topping and taking branches.
5, scientific fertilizer
When topdressing chemical fertilizers, avoid using nitrogen fertilizers only, and pay attention to increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The amount of fertilizer increases with the age of the tree. After the new root system is formed in the living soil of the tree in June, the urea is chased once a month in June and August. Submerged applicator, acupuncture, and ditch application are all available, each time being 150-200 g/plant, ensuring that the root system is adequate in time. Fertilizer. At the same time, combine spraying with urea or other foliar fertilizer on the trees.
6, pest control
Do a good job of preventing diseases, keeping insects and keeping the leaves clean. Spray at least 4 times during the growing season. Before the wheat harvest, it sprayed carbendazim or Fuxing for 1 time. After the wheat was harvested, it was sprayed with Bordeaux mixture twice and sprayed once with carbendazim to prevent early defoliation. In addition, timely observation of ticks and leaf-eating pests, timely spraying after discovery, available for fast ketone or avermectin and chlorpyrifos or polyester pesticides.
For 1-3 years old students who want to build new cultivars, they should choose dwarf, shallow root, and crops with no common pests or intermediate hosts for the intercropping; it is forbidden to intercrop high stalk crops. We will vigorously promote techniques such as rapeseed planting, soybean planting, and weeding in orchards to improve the orchard's ecological environment and increase soil fertility.
2, bud, wipe buds
The sprouting can promote the directional extraction of growing branches, speed up the cultivation of the stem branches, increase the germination rate, promote the germination of middle and short branches, reduce the baldness, increase the amount of branches, and help fill the air and promote flower bud formation. In general, the growing season can be carried out, that is, using a steel saw blade above or below the bud to cause injury. In addition to sprouting buds, sprouts will be less than 70 cm from the ground after the buds and buds in the spring, excessive germination and early eradication to reduce nutrient consumption.
3, timely pull branches, open angle
Open branch angle is one of the most important technical measures for tree-shape cultivation and tree transformation, which runs through the entire growing season. For 1-2 year old shoots, shoots should be drawn from mid-August to mid-September; shoots over 3 years old should be planted from flowering to mid-May to late-flowering branches; bald branches at the rear, preferably after budding in spring. Pull branches before flowering. The pull branch angle is generally 80-90
When the spring shoots reach 20-30 cm in length, a "toothpick" is used to open the angle; when branches grow to more than 70 cm in August-September, branches are used to ease angles; Branches on the "E" opener angle or soften the branches.
4, the control of branches
Dwarfing spindle-shaped plastic, requiring the center dry strong, for too thick and too large branches, to be updated in time, so that the main branch of the control of the thickness of 3-5 cm. For the coarse branches to take the oblique pile pruning method, the main branch is adjusted to a small main branch, which is conducive to flowering and results. Timely control of the center will prolong the competition branches near the head, and the excessively strong competition branches shall be removed in time, and other branches may be taken for topping and taking branches.
5, scientific fertilizer
When topdressing chemical fertilizers, avoid using nitrogen fertilizers only, and pay attention to increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The amount of fertilizer increases with the age of the tree. After the new root system is formed in the living soil of the tree in June, the urea is chased once a month in June and August. Submerged applicator, acupuncture, and ditch application are all available, each time being 150-200 g/plant, ensuring that the root system is adequate in time. Fertilizer. At the same time, combine spraying with urea or other foliar fertilizer on the trees.
6, pest control
Do a good job of preventing diseases, keeping insects and keeping the leaves clean. Spray at least 4 times during the growing season. Before the wheat harvest, it sprayed carbendazim or Fuxing for 1 time. After the wheat was harvested, it was sprayed with Bordeaux mixture twice and sprayed once with carbendazim to prevent early defoliation. In addition, timely observation of ticks and leaf-eating pests, timely spraying after discovery, available for fast ketone or avermectin and chlorpyrifos or polyester pesticides.
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