Camel feeding management
Camel husbandry is one of the oldest branches of animal husbandry. The domestication of camels began in 5,000 BC.
Surveys of ecology, behavior and physiology prove that camels are a good use in all livestock
Desert environment of livestock. The camel lives in a harsh and difficult environment and has important human
Use value. However, camels are an animal that has long been ignored by the scientific community. Studying and mastering camels
Feeding management technology is an important part of improving the productivity of herds and applying new technology management will be big
Widening people's use of camels and their products.
Physiological mechanism
The physiological mechanism of camel is currently an issue of interest to people. Although camel will ruminate, it is less
There are differences between the number of anatomical features and true ruminants. Adult camel's jaw has two incisors; camel is missing
Gastric stomach, while the third stomach of the ruminant separates and is the site of resorption of water in the stomach; no camel
Gallbladder, and hooves have degenerated into claw-like toes, protruding beyond the meat pad.
In all animals, the camel is the animal with the lowest amount of water conversion, and it can adjust the colon
Water and salt absorption and renal excretion. Camels do not need to reduce body temperature by sweating, so
Save water. The temperature of the camel can increase from 34°C in the early morning to 41°C in the afternoon. Because of Luo
The camel stores its calories in daylight, and gradually lowers body temperature in the evening by conduction and convection.
Come. Dehydration camel reduces its metabolic rate, which also conserves water. At the same time, but also from the line
In order to adapt, this mainly manifests itself in minimizing the surface area of ​​solar radiation and tempering in daylight fever.
activity.
The camel will also change its coat, fluff in the winter, and in summer it will be replaced by a soft, shiny, reflective camel.
The equatorial camel does not lose its hair and remains smooth and reflective throughout the year. The hump is not a water bladder, but also
It is not the only energy store. Its greatest use is to concentrate body fat and make it subcutaneously fat-free.
As a result, the cooling rate can be effectively controlled in a cooler environment.
Feed selection
Camels have a preference for seasonal pastures and they always retain some forage during their feeding process.
touch. In rough areas, roughage can also affect the tissue composition and flavor of camel milk. When the camel is
The grass has a salty taste when it is eaten on the pastures dominated by plants. It is found on pastures dominated by civet wood.
Eat, milk with a smell like Gan Lan. The composition of roughage also directly affects the fat and protein content.
In dry areas, camels can make full use of plants that grow under drought conditions. These plants do not
Can be used by other livestock, such as camel thorns, chopping wood and salt shrubs. Only in the rain
Years, camels can only feed a small amount of annual herbs from late summer to early winter, and in most
In the past, the pastures used by camels were mainly perennial shrubs and semi-shrubs. In the same area,
The effective use of forages by camels is also higher than that of other livestock. Camel lacks feed in arid regions
The source is still able to maintain its own growth and production, the key lies in the use of food
Different function.
Camels prefer the annual pasture to the perennial pasture, but this is not because the pasture
Due to the level of moisture content. This may be due to the good palatability of this forage, protein-rich, camp
Higher value of the reason. In desert grassland, several pastures that the camel likes to feed are Haloxylon
, Camel Fly, Fake Equiset, Gobi, Tamarix, Camel Thorn, Weichai, Absinthe, Reed, Wild Ma
, licorice, ephedra, etc. Camel for dry matter can be measured more easily with any of the pastures.
Daily needs. Camels often eat grasses that are shrubs and semi-shrubs and munching relishfully.
Shrubs and semi-shrubs account for a large proportion of pastures. Camel from shrubs and shrubs forage
There is no less energy gained from the tender grass.
Feed consumption
The daily diet and moisture obtained from the forage of a peak camel is basically constant, especially water
Because the moisture content of pasture is almost constant. Regardless of pasture pasture, camels are in the day
Always eat grass for 8 hours to 10 hours. The intake of camels is low, and the dry matter quality is fed 8000 per day
~12kg, equivalent to feeding 30kg to 40kg of 80% moisture, but the camel feeds every day
The amount of forage grass fed is only 10 kg-20 kg, and the amount of dry matter fed is 5 kg-10 kg per day.
. A camel only eats 5 kg of dry forage every day for a few months, and a camel feeds a minimum of 2 kg for a day.
forage grass. Camels eat about 1 g to 5 g each from the shrubs and semi-shrubs. Up to 20 grams, one
Hours can eat about 200 to 700 mouths.
In order to feed, the camel has to walk 20 km to 30 km a day. If the temperature does not exceed 25°C, they can
When the temperature rises to the highest during the day, the camel rests and rests, especially in the sand dunes.
kind. Because the heat radiation from the sun in the sand dunes is easily conducted on the ground. Encounter hot days, herdsmen
Let the camel lie in the daytime and come out to feed at night.
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