Introduce the working principle and classification of centrifugal separator
2022-08-23 07:08:18
The centrifugal separator is composed of a rotating device and a computer automatic control device. The rotating device is composed of a motor, a rotating head and a centrifugal tube. The rotating head is mounted on the motor shaft, and the centrifugal tube is placed in the corresponding inclined hole of the rotating head. The automatic control device is composed of a temperature sensor, a photoelectric speed sensor, a digital display and a computer. Centrifuges are widely used in the fields of biochemistry, petrochemicals and oil filters.
Centrifugal separator working principle:
The principle of obtaining different sedimentation velocities in a centrifugal force field by using light, heavy liquid and solid phases with different densities and mutually incompatible in the mixed liquid (turbid liquid) to achieve separation of stratification or sedimentation of solid particles in the liquid . The turbid liquid is in a rotating drum rotating at a high speed, and the multi-components having different densities are formed into a ring shape under the action of centrifugal force, and the solid particles having a large density of zoi are outwardly moved to accumulate on the peripheral wall of the drum, and the light phase liquid is in the inner layer of the zui. Since the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the drum is much larger than the gravity, the centrifugal separation can obtain the effect of gravity separation in a small amount of time, especially when gravity separation cannot be achieved, only the centrifugal separation method is used. The disc separator has a set of discs in the drum, which divides the drum space into a plurality of thin layer separation spaces, thereby greatly shortening the settlement distance and improving and improving the separation effect. Any extreme particles between the two discs can be separated if they reach the inner surface of the disc in this path.
Classification of centrifugal separators:
There are many types of centrifugal separators. Industrial centrifugal separators can be classified into three types: filtration centrifuges, sedimentation centrifuges and separators according to the structure and separation requirements. You can also sort in several ways:
1. According to the separation factor Fr value:
(1) Normal speed centrifuge: Fr ≤ 3500 (generally 600~1200), the centrifuge has a low rotation speed and a large diameter;
(2) High-speed centrifuge: Fr=3500~50000, the speed of this centrifuge is higher, generally the diameter of the drum is smaller, and the length is longer;
(3) Ultra-high speed centrifuge: Fr>50000, because the rotation speed is very high (50000r/min or more), the drum is made into a slender tube type.
Remarks: The separation factor Fr refers to the ratio of the centrifugal force of the material in the centrifugal force field to the gravity of the material in the gravity field.
2, according to the operation method:
(1) Gap centrifuge: the processes of feeding, separating, washing and unloading slag are all gap operations, and the slag is discharged by manual, gravity or mechanical methods, such as three-legged and upper-suspension centrifuges;
(2) Continuous centrifuge: The processes of feeding, separating, washing and unloading slag, etc., are automatically carried out with gaps and continuously and automatically.
3. According to the way of discharging slag:
(1) scraper discharge centrifuge: the process is indirect, the operation is automatic;
(2) Piston pusher centrifuge: the process is semi-continuous and the operation is automatic;
(3) Screw discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(4) Centrifugal force discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(5) Vibration discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(6) Inverted discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic.
4, according to process use: 1, filter centrifuge; 2, decanter centrifuge.
5, according to the way of installation: vertical, horizontal, inclined, overhang and three-legged.
According to our application, different centrifugal separators are selected for oil and gas separation, oil-water separation, and solid water separation. When selecting a centrifuge, pay attention to the functions and accuracy achieved by the machine. If this level does not reach your level of precision, we need to choose a higher level precision centrifuge.
Centrifugal separator working principle:
The principle of obtaining different sedimentation velocities in a centrifugal force field by using light, heavy liquid and solid phases with different densities and mutually incompatible in the mixed liquid (turbid liquid) to achieve separation of stratification or sedimentation of solid particles in the liquid . The turbid liquid is in a rotating drum rotating at a high speed, and the multi-components having different densities are formed into a ring shape under the action of centrifugal force, and the solid particles having a large density of zoi are outwardly moved to accumulate on the peripheral wall of the drum, and the light phase liquid is in the inner layer of the zui. Since the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the drum is much larger than the gravity, the centrifugal separation can obtain the effect of gravity separation in a small amount of time, especially when gravity separation cannot be achieved, only the centrifugal separation method is used. The disc separator has a set of discs in the drum, which divides the drum space into a plurality of thin layer separation spaces, thereby greatly shortening the settlement distance and improving and improving the separation effect. Any extreme particles between the two discs can be separated if they reach the inner surface of the disc in this path.
Classification of centrifugal separators:
There are many types of centrifugal separators. Industrial centrifugal separators can be classified into three types: filtration centrifuges, sedimentation centrifuges and separators according to the structure and separation requirements. You can also sort in several ways:
1. According to the separation factor Fr value:
(1) Normal speed centrifuge: Fr ≤ 3500 (generally 600~1200), the centrifuge has a low rotation speed and a large diameter;
(2) High-speed centrifuge: Fr=3500~50000, the speed of this centrifuge is higher, generally the diameter of the drum is smaller, and the length is longer;
(3) Ultra-high speed centrifuge: Fr>50000, because the rotation speed is very high (50000r/min or more), the drum is made into a slender tube type.
Remarks: The separation factor Fr refers to the ratio of the centrifugal force of the material in the centrifugal force field to the gravity of the material in the gravity field.
2, according to the operation method:
(1) Gap centrifuge: the processes of feeding, separating, washing and unloading slag are all gap operations, and the slag is discharged by manual, gravity or mechanical methods, such as three-legged and upper-suspension centrifuges;
(2) Continuous centrifuge: The processes of feeding, separating, washing and unloading slag, etc., are automatically carried out with gaps and continuously and automatically.
3. According to the way of discharging slag:
(1) scraper discharge centrifuge: the process is indirect, the operation is automatic;
(2) Piston pusher centrifuge: the process is semi-continuous and the operation is automatic;
(3) Screw discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(4) Centrifugal force discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(5) Vibration discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic;
(6) Inverted discharge centrifuge: the process is continuous and the operation is automatic.
4, according to process use: 1, filter centrifuge; 2, decanter centrifuge.
5, according to the way of installation: vertical, horizontal, inclined, overhang and three-legged.
According to our application, different centrifugal separators are selected for oil and gas separation, oil-water separation, and solid water separation. When selecting a centrifuge, pay attention to the functions and accuracy achieved by the machine. If this level does not reach your level of precision, we need to choose a higher level precision centrifuge.
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