Cucumber winter diseases and pests identification and control essentials

Expert introduction

Zhao Zhanzhou Member of the Chinese Plant Protection Society, senior agronomist, engaged in the teaching and promotion of plant protection technology for more than 30 years, focusing on the integrated prevention and control technology of crop diseases, weeds and weeds, and more familiar with the control of pests and diseases of corn, wheat, pear and apple trees .

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Cucumber belongs to the happy and lustrous vegetables. It is easy to produce the following pests and diseases in winter:

Cold damage: During the fruiting period, cucumber grows best when it is 25°C~29°C during the day and 18°C~22°C at night. When the leaves of cucumber were found drooping in the morning, wrinkles around the edges of the leaves, and even when the leaves were long and deep, the cucumber had been affected by low temperatures; if the temperature suddenly dropped sharply, the blow to the cucumber was even greater, and the leaves appeared to be water. Stains dark green. A long period of low temperature can also lead to the photosynthetic products of cucumber leaves not being transported out in time. There are tabby leaves, flower topping, and even magnesium-deficient yellow leaves that spread from bottom to top, or plant growth points due to less boron absorbed by the root system. Stagnation and other phenomena.

At this time, the most urgent measure is to increase temperature and reduce humidity, to maximize the duration of light, and to supplement nutrition.

Powdery mildew: Many people believe that high temperature and dryness are the suitable conditions for powdery mildew. In fact, when the temperature of the greenhouse is within the range of 10°C to 25°C, powdery mildew is more likely to occur when wet and dry.

The corresponding measure is to raise the maximum temperature during the day to about 33°C and increase the humidity. The powdery mildew is sensitive to sulfur. It can be sprayed with adequate amounts of sulphur-based water dispersible granules, thiram and other sulphur preparations. Myclobutanil, and other therapeutic bactericides.

Scab, downy mildew, and keratoses: When daytime temperatures are below 25°C and nights are lower than 15°C, large day-night temperature differences, or even cloudy days, are prone to scab, downy mildew, and horns. Spot disease. Scabs can appear on stems, leaves, and melons of cucumbers. The typical symptom is a star-shaped, dehiscent lesion. Although downy mildew and keratoses have horny lesions on the leaves, the lesions of keratoses are relatively small, but they are easily cracked and perforated at later stages, and the lesions of downy mildew are larger, but they are never cracked or perforated. . For the sick leaves of the sun, lesions of the keratoses are transparent, while downy mildew is not.

Increasing temperature and humidity is the preferred measure, and then use appropriate agents for symptomatic treatment. When these diseases were mixed, they were sprayed with copper and azoxystrobin or mycetobacter fungicides. After 3 days, myclobutanil and agricultural streptomycins were treated.

Botrytis: If the temperature stays below 22°C, cloudy days, and the humidity in the greenhouse is high, gray mold will appear. Botrytis cinerea appears in the leaves of cucumbers, petals and melons of female flowers. The first part of the disease was found in the leaf parts of diseased flower melon or tendrils. After the formation of a sharp spot, the first spot was watery, and the spots were watery, discolored, gradually shrivelled, soft and decayed, and brownish brown. The head of the young melon rots yellow and appears grayish-brown moldy.

The increase of temperature and humidity during the increase of temperature is the basis. It is critical to carefully spray pesticides on the back wall posts of plants, the ground and the shed, and it is more effective to alternate use of multiple types of medicaments.

Hummer: Hummer is divided into yellow pheasant horses, flower hummer horses, and western flower hummer horses, but in general, these hummers like warm and dry environments. The mouthparts of the hummer are sucker type, and often leave white dots on the young leaves, petals, and young larvae. They gradually become brown patches, often giving people the feeling of a spot, but turning over the leaves for inspection. You will see very tiny nymphs or adults of the thrips and their black feces. When the young melon tissue is severely damaged, it may cause abnormalities such as leaf shrinkage, malformation of the young melon, and abnormal flower opening due to local necrosis.

On the basis of hanging the blue plate to kill and kill the thrips, it is very important to pay attention to spraying to eliminate the earthworms on the surface. Spinosad, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid and avermectin are alternately used, and the effect is better.

Amino Acids

Amino acids are carboxylic acids containing amino groups. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein for animal nutrition. Proteins in living things are made up of 20 basic amino acids.

Amino acids in human body through metabolism can play the following roles: (1) synthesis of tissue protein; (2) into acids, hormones, antibodies, creatine and other ammonia containing substances; (3) to carbohydrates and fat; (4) oxidation into carbon dioxide and water and urea, produce energy.

Alanine for the synthesis of Alitame, intermediate amino acid Serine, nonessential amino acid Arginine

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