Literature Sharing | Three-color detection of Her2 gene copy number variation based on Naica digital PCR platform
The Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) assay is a biomarker for predicting the potential effects of HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab.
In order to improve the effectiveness and clinical utility of HER2 detection, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) HER2 testing expert group first published recommendations in 2007, and Updated in 2013.
With the increase of clinical application, some new problems have emerged. Some laboratory and clinical researchers have reported the impact of the 2013 update on laboratory testing and clinical practice, and observed that many test results are ambiguous and difficult to interpret. Case.
The ASCO and CAP Breast Cancer HER2 Testing Expert Group updated the 2013 guidelines for related issues in clinical applications and published online in the ASCO official journal Journal of Clinical Oncology on May 30, 2018.
· How to more accurately define the immunohistochemical HER2 test result as 2+?
According to the latest guidelines, HER2+, defined as >10% of infiltrating breast cancer cells in immunohistochemistry, showed intact cell membranes with weak to moderate coloration. See Figure 1 for details. 
Detection of Her2 gene copy number variation by three-color fluorescent channel of Naica crystal digital PCR platform 
Urine Test Strips 14 Parameters
Measures 14 Different Components of Urine
| Micro albumin | tests for early nephropathy (early kidney disease) |
| Leukocytes | aka white blood cells. Also indicates presence of infection |
| Nitrites | may be a sign of urinary tract infection or other infection |
| Urobilinogen | checks for liver disease |
| Protein | tests for kidney function |
| pH | measures urine acidity, associated with higher risk for kidney stones |
| Blood | can result from infection, injury, inflammation, kidney stones or cancer |
| Specific gravity | evaluates the body's water balance and urine concentration |
| Ascorbate | this test reveals the concentration of ascorbic acid in urine which varies with the intake |
| Ketones | caused by disorders of increased metabolism; also by unbalanced diets such as high protein/low carb, anorexia or fasting |
| Bilirubin | could indicate liver or gallbladder problems such as gallstones, hepatitis, cirrhosis or tumors. |
| Glucose | the most common test for diabetes |
| Creatinine | used in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases. It can also be used to monitor renal dialysis, and as a calculation basis for measuring other urine analytes |
How To Test?
1. Remove one strip from the bottle and replace the cap immediately.
2. Immerse the reagent area of the strip in the urine specimen and take it out quickly.
3. Wipe off excess urine against the rim of the specimen container.
4. Read the test results carefully within 60 seconds in a good light and with the test area held near the appropriate color chart on the bottle label. Changes in color that appear only along the edges of the test pads or after moving than 2 minutes have passed are of no diagnostic significance. Results with leukocytes test portion can be read within 120 seconds.If reading instrumentally, carefully follow the directions given in the appropriate instrument operating manual
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