Key points for management in early spring wheat fields
Cold protection
Although the temperature gradually rebounded after the Spring Festival, but from the point of view of the meteorological characteristics of the province for many years, there will still be cold weather after the beginning of spring, the minimum temperature will even drop to minus zero, so wheat may produce cold damage. In addition, according to many years of experience, each year in the spring of our province has different degrees of cold and cold weather occurs, so we must pay attention to the cold of wheat antifreeze.
This kind of cold wave or late spring weather often causes more damage to wheat than during wintering. The first reason is that after the wheat enters the spring recovery stage, its cold resistance gradually declines. Second, after the wheat recovers, it transitions from the individual vegetative growth to the vegetative and reproductive growth during the wintering period and years before. Freezing damage during this period will affect young panicle differentiation, thus affecting and harming wheat yield.
In actual production, the following two measures are generally taken: First, if it is a dry year, especially in the northern part of Hebei, it is necessary to return to Qingshui. This can delay drastic changes in soil temperature to mitigate the occurrence of frost damage. The second is to spray high-quality foliar fertilizer or strong plant growth agents before the arrival of cold weather and strong cold weather. The high-quality foliar fertilizers include Huilongbao, New American Star, Zhuangfuxing, Cuilanchun, excellent potassium, and excellent potassium. This can improve the ability of wheat plants to fight drought, reduce or avoid the occurrence of frost damage and cold damage. For varieties with weaker cold resistance, high-quality foliar fertilizers can be added at the same time as plant strong agents or plant growth regulators, such as Tianfengsu and Bijing. Once the cold injury occurs, in addition to spraying foliar fertilizer, about 10 pounds of urea should be applied per acre to promote the recovery of frozen wheat as soon as possible.
Water and fertilizer management due to seedling classification
Spring fertilization must be managed according to the classification of the seedlings. Wheat seedlings are generally divided into weak seedlings, strong seedlings and strong seedlings. For weak seedlings, it is advisable to apply green manure once before and after the beginning of spring. For strong seedlings and young seedlings, it is not necessary to apply green manure. It is only necessary to apply jointing manure after the beginning of jointing in March. Wheat spring water and fertilizer management must be controlled to prosper and strengthen, promote weak and strong and promote the transformation of the seedlings.
The following types of seedlings must be given back to green manure before and after the beginning of spring: First, weak seedlings caused by various reasons. Such as weak seedlings sown late, early sowing in the fall, strong growth before winter, large amount of fertilizer consumption, weak and weak old and weak seedlings, and weak seedlings caused by freeze injury, waterlogging, disease, and herbicide injury. . Second, the return of straw to the fields, especially the rice dumplings, the amount of returning straw is relatively large, and the base fertilizer does not increase the nitrogen fertilizer field, if the performance is now a serious deferring phenomenon, then also have to chase back green manure. Third, the lack of groups of the plots, especially when sowing last year soil moisture is too large. For such fields, you must chase green manure once. Generally apply 10-15 pounds of urea per acre, not too much.
For Wang Miao, it is necessary to strictly control the fertilizer and water, and no more fertilizer. If fertilization is applied, lodging will surely occur later. While controlling fertilizer and water, we must also take prompt measures to control hunger: first, control the fertilizer and control the water; secondly, before returning green to jointing, we must timely suppress and control the Wangmiao seedlings, and we can also control the birth of spring seedlings to delay the growth of wheat seedlings. Growth; third is the use of plant growth retardants, that is, chemical control. The period of chemical control must be before returning to youth and getting up (February, around the 15th lunar month). If the wheat is controlled after the joint start of the wheat, it will not only control the prosperous growth of wheat, but also may control the spike shape of wheat. Small wheat spikelets. Chemical control agents may choose to be oxazole, Zhuangfeng amine, wheat leaf abundance, protonated calcium and so on.
Although strong seedlings do not require special management, they must not be ignored. We must pay close attention to the changes in the situation of the seedlings and prevent them from turning from strong to weak or from strong to strong. If there is a de-fertilizer situation, then the lighter de-fertilizer field can be sprayed with some foliar fertilizers containing a large number of elements, and at the same time adding 2-3 urea per 30 pounds of water, thus consolidating strong seedlings. For more severe fields, 5-8 pounds of urea can be applied per acre, not too much. If the spring seedlings for strong seedlings are particularly large and the seedlings have a tendency to prosper, then they must also resort to repression or chemical control.
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