Agaricus bisporus waste materials cultivated zucchini

The cultivation of courgettes using waste mushroom materials can not only improve the utilization of agricultural and sideline products, achieve multiple value-added use, reduce environmental pollution, but also reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, improve product quality and yield, and achieve harmless production of products. For this reason, in 1999, on the basis of the new technology of organic ecological soilless cultivation developed by the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, we used the waste mushroom materials to carry out the soilless cultivation of the zucchini exploration test, and achieved success every 667 square meters. Rice can produce more than 4200kg of squash. The main technical measures are as follows: I. Cultivation facilities Soilless cultivation systems shall be installed in the solar greenhouses, mainly including cultivation tanks, irrigation facilities and cultivation substrates. 1. Cultivation trough: Leave 80cm in the north side of the greenhouse as a walkway, and leave 30cm in the south. Dig a 12cm deep north-south trough on the ground with a width of 48cm, and build a semi-underground cultivation trough with 2 layers of bricks on the side. The cultivation pitch is 60cm. In order to prevent leakage and to isolate the substrate from the soil, the base of the trough is covered with a plastic film and the cultivation substrate is laid on the membrane. 2. Irrigation facilities: There is an underground water reservoir in the greenhouse. The design capacity is 10 to 12 cubic meters per 667 square meters. A small water pump is provided to provide water pressure, and a separate shed is used to build an independent irrigation system. Metal pipes for external pipelines, main pipelines in sheds and drip irrigation belts in cultivation tanks can be made of plastic pipes. Two drip irrigation belts were installed in the tank. 3, cultivation matrix: the use of Agaricus bisporus waste materials, wheat straw and sand mixed, the ratio of 2:2:1, then add 2 kg of organic soilless cultivation special fertilizer per cubic meter of substrate, lOkg disinfection of chicken manure, after mixing You can fill the slot. Before the use of Agaricus bisporus waste materials should be spread exposure 2 to 3 days; wheat straw requires fresh no mildew, before using flattening, cut into 5 ~ lOcm section, and soaked in water for 24h, remove and drain can be after the ingredients. Second, soilless seedlings Zucchini varieties used early generation, September 10 to 15 soak germination, when 60% of the seed can be sown after dew. Use artificial soilless plug breeding method. The nursery substrate is based on turfgrass: the ratio of vermiculite is 2:1, and then 5kg of sterilized chicken manure and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer are added to the matrix of l cubic meters. After mixing, the 50-well plastic tray is filled in, and the matrix is ​​poured thoroughly. After the seeds were placed in the seedling trays, one for each well, covered with vermiculite 1.5 cm, and separated from the soil with a plastic film under the pan. The pre-emergence greenhouse temperature is maintained at 28-30°C, maintained at 20-25°C during the day after emergence, 10-15°C at night, and the seedling plate kept moist. About 12 days, the first true leaves of the seedlings can be planted and planted at the first exhibition. Third, timely planting of courgettes on October 15 before and after the colonization, planting before the first leveling leveling the substrate, the substrate in each cultivation tank flood irrigation, so that the matrix fully absorb water. After water infiltration, the zucchini was planted in two rows of troughs per trough, making the substrate slightly higher than the rootstock. Plant spacing 40-45cm, 667 square meters more than 2,000 planting. After planting light watering, the substrate and the Zucchini root system can be closely connected. Fourth, cultivation management 1, fertilizer management: watering should be based on different forms of plants, the outside climate and matrix conditions. It is required that the rhizosphere matrix be kept moist throughout the entire growth period so that the growth of the squash will be moderate, and the growth of the squash will not be prolonged. After the fruit is set, the water is poured once in the morning and in the afternoon; the cloudy day can be poured or not poured depending on the specific conditions. Top dressing usually starts 20 days after planting, and every 10 days after that, the fertilizer is chased once every time. Every time, each plant chases NPK fertilizer 15g; after each fruit set, it catches 25g per plant. Spread the fertilizer evenly 5cm away from the root, with drip irrigation water into the matrix; can also mix the fertilizer into the matrix, without touching the root stem, so as to avoid fertilizer damage, damage the plant. According to the situation of carbon dioxide gas deficiency in the greenhouse, carbon dioxide gas top dressing can be carried out in the greenhouse to enhance the stress resistance of the squash and increase the yield. 2, temperature, light management: Zucchini colonization, the temperature should be maintained during the day 20 ~ 25 °C, about 12 °C at night to prevent seedlings grow. After the plants are sitting on the melons, the temperature is increased to keep them at 25-28°C during the day and 12-15°C at night. In winter, the temperature can reach 32°C in a short period of time. It is not possible to cool through the wind to prevent the nighttime temperature from being too low. After the winter has passed, normal temperature management resumes. 3, plant adjustment: When the plant grows to more than 50cm, it should be suspended in time to maintain the plant upright growth, leading to the same. Remove lateral buds, tendrils, and sick old leaves in time during growth to avoid consumption of nutrients and maintain the normal growth and results of the main vine. 4, Baohuabaoguo: Zucchini is an androgynous plant of different plants, the use of greenhouses for wintering cultivation often causes poor pollination of female flowers and cause melon. Artificial pollination and hormone treatment can be combined to maintain the fruit. Artificial pollination, can be taken in the morning from 6 to 9 male flowers, the anthers gently painted on the female stigma for artificial pollination, a male flower grant 2 to 3 female flowers; hormone treatment can be coated with 20 ~ 30mg/kg of anti-failing ingredients Pomegranate shank and stigma. V. Harvesting Zucchini After 50 days of colonization, the root melon can sit and live. When 250g or so, the root melon can be harvested and marketed so as to avoid premature senescence of stem vines caused by falling pods, shorten the result period, and reduce yield.

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