How much is the cultivation of pear tree scaffolding?
What exactly is it
Scaffolding cultivation is a new cultivation mode that has emerged in China in recent years. It mainly uses cement rods (steel pipes) and steel wire to build scaffolding to support the cultivation of canopy.
What are the advantages?
Improve fruit quality. Pear tree scaffolding cultivation can make the tree body ventilate and light, the branches and leaves are evenly distributed, and they are not covered by each other. Each fruit can get the same light and nutrients, and the first-fruit rate is higher than that of ordinary cultivation.
Resist the wind. Pear trees are not resistant to wind, especially in the later stages of fruit development, which are easily affected by windstorms. The scaffolding is carried out, and the branches are tied to the frame. Because the canopy is not violently swayed during the windstorm, the fruit is less, thus reducing losses.
Easy to manage. The pear trees cultivated on the scaffolding reduce the height of the tree, which is not only beneficial to management, such as flower thinning, fruit thinning, artificial pollination, bagging, pruning, spraying, fruit picking, but also conducive to fine operation and improve work efficiency. Especially after entering the fruitful period, it is very obvious to save labor and reduce labor intensity.
In addition, the scaffolding cultivation is conducive to mechanized operation, which is convenient for sightseeing and picking, and is conducive to the realization of three-dimensional breeding.
"Bisbo antegrade" scaffolding cultivation
At present, the cultivation of pear tree scaffolding in China adopts three main branches, and there are many branches on the main branches. The apex grows weakly, the shelf is difficult, and the “tree frame separation†leads to low yield; the number of main branches and the number of branches are biased. Many, plastic trimming technology is complex, fruit farmers are difficult to master; the trunk is short, mechanical operation is inconvenient.
After the "double-armed shun-type" scaffolding is put into production, the yield per mu is 3500-4500 kg, the ratio of single fruit weight not less than 350 g is 90%, and the output value per mu is more than 20,000 yuan. This model has obvious advantages in high quality, light simplification, labor saving, standardization and mechanization. It is suitable for both industrial development and sightseeing. It has obtained 5 national patents and promoted it to 20 provinces and municipalities.
Year 1: The goal of plastic trimming is to cultivate a strong backbone. After planting, it is cut at about 20 cm in the base of the seedling. After germination, one erect stalk is selected, and the bamboo raft with a length of about 1.5 m is vertically induced to promote its upward growth. It does not pick the heart and grows more than 1.5 meters in that year. When pruning in winter, choose strong buds to dry, and set the dry height to about 1.3 meters.
Year 2: The goal of plastic trimming is to cultivate the two main branches of the forward direction. Two strong branches are selected as the main branches in the branches of the cut buds after drying, and are vertically induced to the flat shed frame and raised the lead wires to maintain their erect growth without picking the heart; the growing season is outside the main branches. The branches are controlled by the branches, and a small number of branches are maintained as auxiliary branches. When pruning in winter, the branches other than the main branches are removed, and the main branches are placed at a 45-degree angle, and the lateral buds are short-cut.
Year 3: The goal of plastic trimming is to train the resulting branch of the vertical direction. During the growing season, the branches on the back of the main branches are erased, and the lateral and posterior branches are retained, and the resulting branches are cultured. When the winter is trimmed, the result is flattened. At this point, the "two-armed antegrade" tree shaping is basically completed.
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