High-yield cultivation techniques and pest control measures around the field of yellow flowers in Lishui County
Yellow flower is rich in protein, carotene, riboflavin and mineral elements such as phosphorus and iron. It has the auxiliary effects of clearing heat, clearing heat, stopping bleeding, diuresis, passing milk and stomach. The yellow color of the yellow flower is golden, the flower stick is thick and strong, and the meat is fat. Tender, not only enjoys a good reputation in the domestic market, but also broadcasts overseas, and the development prospects are extremely broad. In order to improve the technical level of planting and management of yellow flowers around the field, in Huangshui County in 2012, the experiment of yellow flower planting observation and high-yield management technology was carried out, and good economic benefits were obtained. The technology is now introduced as follows.
First, the natural situation
Lishui County belongs to the low hills and warm temperate monsoon climate zone of Luzhongnan. The annual average temperature is 12.3 degrees, the annual average precipitation is 792.1mm, the annual sunshine hours are 2420.5h, the frost-free period is 206d, the soil is brown soil and cinnamon soil, and the natural conditions are suitable.
Second, the growth characteristics
1. Growth characteristics
Yellow flower is perennial herb, plant height is 50-120cm, root system is developed, leaf basal; fruit is 3-5cm long, seed is about 18, usually 2-3 years beginning flower, 5-10 years for harvesting period, 15 years later Flowering, need to update and rejuvenate.
2, phenological period
When the yellow flower blooms at 3-5 degrees in spring, the body fluid begins to flow. At 8 degrees, the sprouts are germinated, and at 16 degrees, the new shoots grow fast. In the middle and late April, the buds bloom, and the mature flowers bloom at the beginning of 5, and the first 茬 flowers at the end of May are finished. 20-30 days a flower, the 4th flower is intermittently opened until early September.
3. Adaptability and resistance
Yellow flower adaptability is very strong, cold-resistant, warm, moist, and light; the requirements for soil and light are not strict, and it can grow normally under all-light or semi-yin forest.
Third, high yield cultivation techniques
1. Surrounding the field planting
Choose the surrounding area with good sun, water and fertilizer conditions, and turn the field deep into 30-50cm. When planting, the method of burrowing and colonizing is adopted. The plant spacing is 60cm×80cm, and 3-5 plants are planted in each shape. After planting, the soil is covered and the water is poured.
2. Soil and fertilizer management
When planting, apply base fertilizer, apply 20kg of soil fertilizer to each plant; apply phosphate fertilizer once during flowering to promote flower growth. Generally, 0.2kg of diammonium phosphate is applied to each plant; nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied in the first bud, otherwise it will lead to buds. After the harvest in September, 15 kg of soil-fertilizer was applied to each plant; when the yellow flower was flowering, the number of watering was increased according to the growth situation and drought, and the wintering water was poured in combination with fertilization before winter.
3, tending update management
In the germination, flowering, flowering, and flowering, each cultivating and cultivating, in order to achieve weeding and drought prevention purposes. After the yellow flower is planted, it can be harvested for more than 10 years. As the plant age increases, the growth potential of yellow flower is weakened and the yield is reduced. Therefore, it needs to be renewed and rejuvenated three times. The specific operation is: the first year before the early spring germination, in the old plant One third of the tillers are removed, and the other third is removed in the second year, and the yellow flower yield can be significantly increased until the last third of the old ones are removed in the third year.
4. Pest control
Huanghua has less performance in cultivating diseases in Qinshui County, and most of the insect pests are mites. It can be sprayed with 2.5% enemy kill liquid for 1-2 times.
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