Maize seedling transplanting technology
The advantages of corn seedling transplanting techniques: First, it can be timely transplanted to solve the problem of tight seasons caused by the contradiction between the two seasons. Second, seedlings can be planted to improve the quality of the seedlings. The three can guarantee the number of acres and reach the full seedlings; Do direct dense planting, improve the utilization of light energy; 5 can save 30% to 50% of seeds.
1. Selection of improved varieties: Mainly for cross-bred hybrids suitable for local planting
2. Selection of nursery sites: The selection of nursery sites must be based on water kiln, ponds, ponds, wells and natural waters near the nursery. It is beneficial to one-time saplings after seeding and sufficient water for seedling conservation. Choose leeward sun, lee is conducive to warming, security, and beneficial seedlings robust growth.
3. Seedbed fertilization: Generally, seedbeds are selected from fields (ground) blocks where the soil is fertile, the vegetables are loose, and the water source is convenient and close to the planting corn. Generally, 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu and 30-40 kg of calcium sulfate are used per mu. Potassium 5-8 kg, zinc sulfate 2 - 2.5 kg mixed evenly applied to the surface and the use of steamed buns into the soil, in order to avoid burning buds, burning seedlings appear. Note that the seedbed should be prepared one week before nursery.
4. Seedling raising methods: After using scattered seeds to raise seedlings, the seedbed water shall be poured after flattening the surface of the seedlings, and water shall be allowed to penetrate in the soil layer of 15cm, and the seeds may be seeded when there is no accumulated water. Sowing density is controlled at about 5cm sowing a seed, so that uniform seeding, uniform coverage of nutrient soil, and then covered with straw or loose hair on the surface, and then cover the film with water.
5, timely sowing: seedlings sowing time to transplant time with the field of planting time, seedlings, early seedling age, poor growth after transplanting, affecting yield; seedling too late, but also failed to achieve the purpose of early age. Therefore, appropriate sowing, should be based on the transplanting time, determine seedling sowing time. My county generally raises seedlings in the middle and late April, and transfers them from the end of April to the beginning of May. The best transplanting leaf age is controlled at the 2.5-3.0 leaf stage, and the water is irrigated in time after transplanting.
6, seedbed management: seedbed management is mainly to control the temperature and humidity. Before emergence to the second leaf stage: The focus is on heat preservation. The temperature in the membrane is usually controlled at 20-25°C. If the temperature exceeds 30°C, the ends of the membrane must be uncovered for cooling and cooling; the humidity in the membrane must be controlled so that the soil is not white, such as the topsoil of the seedbed. On the other hand, it is necessary to remove water from the membrane and seal it in a timely manner to keep the soil moist. From the second leaf stage to the hardening stage, the emphasis is on preventing seedlings from becoming long, controlling the temperature in the bed, keeping it at about 20°C, and spraying water to keep the soil moist. About 7 days before transplanting, the two-headed book was opened at noon for hardening and the film was closed in the afternoon. One day before transplanting, pour enough water to facilitate seedlings.
7, timely transplanting, reasonable close planting: transplanting seedling age is generally 2 leaf one to 3 leaf one heart date is appropriate, the latest not more than 4 leaf one heart period, the key to transplanting is to protect the root system, shorten the seedling period, improve Survival rate. During transplanting, seedling size, strength and weakness were graded, transplanted in slices, and transplanted in a directed manner. North and south were ditched and oriented in the east and west, and the leaves were perpendicular to the row direction. The transplanting depth was better at the green-white boundary at the stems. Immediately after planting, root water was poured to make the root soil naturally tight and cover the mulch to reduce evaporation. After easing the seedlings, pour it once again and return to Qingshui, and raise the seedlings as early as possible to promote strong roots and seedlings. Transplanting density is wide and narrow. Colonization is 0.8 meters in large rows, 0.4 meters in small rows, and 0.25 meters in plant spacing, assuring 4400 strains per acre.
8. Daejeon Management: After being transplanted to survive, Daejeon manages to use fertilizers as the main factor. According to the characteristics of corn at different growth stages, the adoption of early fertilization, medium tapping, and subsequent grain fertilization is the key to improving corn grain yield. Measures. (1) Formula fertilization: mulching farmyard manure 2000 kg, general calcium 50 kg, 10 kg urea, potassium sulfate 10 kg (or 50 kg of N:P:K=10:10:5 compound fertilizer) as the base fertilizer 6 - 7 leaves per acre applied 10-15 urea as the seedling fertilizer; large bell mouth Mu chase 30 kg of urea for attacking manure; grain fertilizer application, generally after tasseling, 5 kg of urea topdressing to ensure grain development Needs. (2) Prevention and control of pests and diseases: According to each birth period, we should carefully grasp the comprehensive prevention and control of underground pests, aphids, corn borers, armyworms, gray leaf spot, and large and small spot diseases.
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