Greenhouse mushroom cultivation techniques

Mushrooms are treasures of shiitake mushrooms. They are produced when mushrooms are stimulated by adverse environmental conditions. The natural incidence is 4-5%. One, mushroom shed construction. Choose sunny, ventilated, flat terrain, soil dry, convenient access to the material, according to things to build mushroom shed. The mushroom shed is 6 meters long, 2.6 meters wide, and 2.4 meters high; at the ends and in the middle of the mushroom shed, there are 3 brick walls, the walls are curved, and the middle door is 2 meters high and 0.6 meters wide. Leave a square exhaust hole 12 cm long. Bamboo rafts were used as a shelf, with 8 roots per layer, 33 cm apart, and a total of 6 layers, which allowed 500 bacteria bags. Cover the wide film. Second, the cultivation time. The optimum cultivation time of the mushroom is in the middle and late August. At this time, the average daily temperature is 26-28°C, which can meet the requirement of the temperature of the mushroom. After 60-70 days of growth, the mycelium can be filled with bacteria bags and the color change can be completed within 10-15 days. Generally in November, it will produce 2 mushrooms before the Spring Festival and 1 mushroom, 1 mushroom and 1 mushroom after the Spring Festival. Third, preparation of culture materials. The branches of apples, pears, peaches, mulberries and other trees are crushed into bean-sized wood chips by a grinder. The wood chips must be free from impurities and mildew. 1,000 kg of sawdust, 175 kg of bran, 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 kg of gypsum powder, and 2 kg of lime were prepared as a culture material. The ph value of the culture material was 7-7.5 and the moisture content was 55-65%. Mix the broth thoroughly and turn 3-4 times. Fourth, bagging sterilization. Big bag cultivation. A 25-cm-wide low-pressure polyethylene plastic tube film was cut to a length of 55 cm, and then one end was tightly attached with a cotton thread, and then burned by a candle flame to be melted into a pellet. Put the culture material into the bag, and the load should be tight and proper. After being packed, it should be tied with cotton thread and placed on the floor covered with sacks. The well-conditioned culture material is required to be filled within 6-8 hours. Put the filled bag into the atmospheric pressure sterilizer, and at the same time, sterilize a bag (58cm in length and 26cm in width) and absorbent cotton in a steamer and leave 20-30cm in the pot. In the high void, a large fire was burned, and after the temperature in the pan reached 100° C. in 4 to 6 hours, the temperature was maintained for 36 hours. After the ceasefire, the pot was opened and when the temperature dropped to 7°C, it was panned and shipped to the inoculation room. V. Carefully inoculate. Choose good-quality varieties with good commercial quality as species, prepare a 15m2 room in advance for vaccination and germination room, and clean and paint for 7-10 days before use. Spread 5-10cm thick at the entrance of vaccination room. lime. Closed doors and windows 4 days before inoculation, igniting 0.5-1 kilograms of sulfur fumigation. After the fumigation is over, doors and windows can be opened. When the temperature of the bag is reduced to 50°C, the strains and inoculation tools are placed in the room. Each room is then gasified with 0.5-1 kg of formaldehyde. After 8-10 hours of disinfection, when the bag temperature falls below 30°C, the inoculation is performed. The inoculation is best performed in the evening or in the morning. Six, timely reminders. Transfer the transformed bacteria bags into the mushroom shed. During the day, the cover film is warmed to maintain the temperature within the shed between 18-22°C, and the air humidity is between 85-95%. At 10:00 in the evening, the mushroom shed is opened for 40 minutes so that the temperature in the shed is reduced below 10°C. In order to cause a temperature difference of more than 10°C during the day and night, such continuous treatment for 3-4 days will allow the hyphae to kink and form the primordia. At this time, the temperature in the shed was controlled within the range of 153°C, and for a while, the primordial was transformed into a mushroom bud. When the diameter of the mushroom bud reaches 0.5-1 cm and the bag is slightly lifted, a “person” shaped hole is cut on the film in time with a blade, so that the mushroom bud grows freely from the cut. When mushroom buds grow to 2 cm in diameter, mushroom cultivation begins. Seventh, Qiao Yuhua mushroom. When the temperature difference between day and night in the shed is over 10°C, and the air humidity is below 70%, pay attention to strengthening ventilation and avoiding rain and fog. During the growing period of the mushroom, it encountered 1-3 level breeze, and the film was ventilated day and night; from the diameter of the mushroom bud 2 cm to the end of the harvest, the film was uncovered during the sunny day and the film was covered at night to increase the ventilation volume and promote the formation of the mushroom. In addition, during the sunny days in winter and early spring, the film is removed during the daytime so that the sun can directly illuminate the mushroom, which can increase the whiteness of the mushroom and increase the level of the mushroom. Eight, harvest processing. The mushroom pleats have not yet fully expanded and can be harvested when the edges of the mushroom pleats form a "copper rim." After harvesting, it shall be dried in time, sorted and packed, and stored in a dry place. Nine, raising bacteria and water. After each mushroom is harvested, raise the temperature in the shed to 24-27°C, humidity to 75-85%, and keep bacteria for 7-10 days. After raising good bacteria, make up water, so that the moisture content of the bag reaches 50-55%. From the third replenishment, mushroom nutrients are added at each replenishment.

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