How to integrate water and fertilizer in strawberry planting technology in 2017
The integrated water and fertilizer technology commonly used to grow strawberries can reduce surface evaporation, reduce greenhouse humidity, increase fertilizer utilization, reduce the occurrence of pests and weeds, and avoid direct contact of strawberries with soil to improve the appearance and quality of strawberries. The technical contents are as follows: Irrigation pipeline shop needs to be prepared before planting, applying fertilizer, making sputum, laying drip irrigation, installing fertilizer applicator, etc. Place one or two drip irrigation tubes (drip irrigation belt or 1 micro-spray belt) at the middle of the two rows of strawberry plants.
Fertilizer preparation According to the requirements of the fertilizer application, the fertilizer is first dissolved in water, the fertilizer liquid is poured into the differential pressure fertilization tank, or poured into an open container and inhaled with a venturi fertiliser.
The differential pressure fertilization method is connected in parallel with the pressure regulating valve on the main pipe, and the inlet pipe of the fertilizer tank is to reach the bottom of the tank. Before fertilizing, water is poured for 20 to 30 minutes. When fertilizing, tighten the can lid and open the inlet valve of the tank. After filling the tank with water, open the outlet valve of the tank to adjust the pressure difference to keep the fertilization speed normal. Fertilization time is generally controlled at 40 to 60 minutes to prevent uneven or insufficient fertilization.
Venturi fertilizes the French churi in parallel with the valve on the main pipe, pours the previously dissolved fertilizer into an open container, puts the tip of the venturi into the fertilizer, the suction head should have a filter, suck Do not place the head on the bottom of the container. Open the valve on the suction pipe and adjust the valve on the main pipe to make the suction pipe absorb the fertilizer evenly and stably.
Drip irrigation scheme Drip irrigation and fertilization must adhere to the principle of a small number of times. Transfer to the flowering period every 5 to 7 days, drip irrigation once, each time 8 to 10 per square mu of drip irrigation; flowering to the expansion period every 5 to 7 days drip irrigation, each time per acre drip irrigation 5 to 8 square; harvesting period every 6 ～8 days drip irrigation, each time per acre drip irrigation 6 to 8 square.
When irrigation is used for irrigation, the valve on the fertiliser tank should be closed, the control valve of the drip irrigation system branch pipe should be completely opened, and irrigation should be carried out according to the drip irrigation scheme. Turn off the power at the end of the irrigation and immediately close the control valve. The drip irrigation depth is generally 30 cm. The principle of drip irrigation is a small number of times, do not extend the drip irrigation time to achieve the purpose of multi-irrigation.
Strawberry fertilizer characteristics:
Strawberries have shallow roots, strong fertility, large nutrient requirements, and very sensitive to nutrients. Too much or insufficient fertilization has adverse effects on growth, yield and quality. Nitrogen fertilizer can promote the formation of a large number of leaves and stolons, strengthen vegetative growth, increase fruit, and increase yield; nitrogen-deficient leaves will turn yellow, partially dry and slightly smaller than normal leaves.
Phosphate fertilizer can promote flower bud differentiation and increase fruit set rate; the upper leaves of phosphorus deficiency show purple-red spots, and flowers and fruits are small. Potassium fertilizer mainly promotes fruit ripening, improves sugar content of fruit and improves fruit quality. Black, brown and dry edges often appear on the edge of potassium-deficient leaves. In severe cases, it becomes burned, the old leaves are seriously damaged, the fruit color is light, and the taste is poor. In addition, strawberries are very sensitive to chlorine and should be controlled for use with chlorinated fertilizers. (Majizhong)
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