Blackberry cultivation techniques
2018-05-04 17:00:08
1 The soil texture of the Blackberry Orchard is most suitable for loam or sandy loam, and the soil pH is 5.0-8.0, but the best is 6.0-6.5. The soil salt content should be 50cm and the groundwater level should be >100cm. Most blackberry varieties have the lowest temperature in winter. It needs to be higher than -15 degrees Celsius, and the temperature below 7.2 degrees Celsius in winter should be above 700-750 hours.
2 Species selection Hull, Chester, Boysen, Young, Triple Crown, Navaho, Brazos, and other varieties that perform well in Nanjing are currently selected. The development of blackberries should be based on the use of the corresponding species.
3 Seedlings are selected from 1 year old cutting seedlings, requiring more roots and thick seedlings without pests and diseases. If the rooting seedlings are used at the top of the year, the plants with good roots and thick seedlings should be used. The size of seedlings should be the same, and seedlings should be planted separately. Seedling thickness:> 0.5cm (ground diameter); seedling length: 20 ~ 30 cm.
4 Planting and constructing a planting ditch or digging a planting hole. The width of the planting ditch is 50 cm and the depth is 40 cm. The planting hole has a length of 50 cm and a depth of 40 cm.
The best time for planting seedlings is from early February to early March.
When seedlings are planted, basic fertilizer should be applied. The type and amount of base fertilizer should be farmyard manure, and the dosage should be 0.5-0.8m3 per mu. Organic compound fertilizers suitable for pollution-free use with effective contents of N, P and K of 25% can also be used. Mu 50 ~ 60Kg.
The planting spacing of seedlings varies from variety to species, specifically Hull, Chester, Brazos and Triple Crown: 250 cm150 cm; Boysen and Navaho: 180-200 cm130-150 cm; Young: 150-170 cm, 120-130 cm.
The specific method for planting seedlings is to carry out the ditching or digging in the best winter season. After the ditching or digging, the filling should be immediately put in, and the backing soil should be 1/2 to 2/3, and the basic fertilizer should be uniformly applied to the ditch when planting. Or in the hole, and mixed with the soil, then the soil, the root system can not be contacted with fertilizer when planting seedlings, planting seedlings to the depth of the roots and neck into the soil is appropriate.
Irrigation: The root water should be poured thoroughly. In case of drought, it needs rehydration 2 or 3 times.
Plantations should establish irrigation and drainage systems, especially large-scale gardens. The irrigation and drainage system is based on topography and geomorphology. Generally, a row of irrigation ditch is opened to the horizontal and vertical lines of 50 to 100 m, and the width and depth of the ditch are preferably 60 to 80 cm.
5 Stand frame and specifications: cement pile or stake, cement pile specifications vary by species, specifically Hull, Chester, Brazos and Triple Crown: 7cm9cm230 ~ 250cm; Boysen and Navaho: 6cm8cm210 ~ 230cm;: Young: 6cm7cm190 ~ 210cm. Wood pile thickness 6 ~ 8cm, length 200 ~ 250cm; iron wire with 12 ~ 14.
Bracket spacing: 5 ~ 6m.
Trip time: It can be carried out after planting, at the latest by the end of the year.
Pull the wire: pull two wires in the first year, the first wire is 50cm to 60cm from the ground, the second wire is 50cm from the first wire, and the third wire is pulled when the second year of trimming and kidnapping, the third wire distance The second wire 50cm.
6 General Management
6.1 cultivating sorghum and cover According to the situation of grass damage, cultivating sorghum for 3 to 5 times a year. Conditions can be covered with straw, straw and other crops, the thickness of 8 ~ 12cm. Coverage is generally in early spring, that is, in late February to early March. If covered, no cultivator can be used to rake the grass all year long.
6.2 Fertilization
6.2.1 Fertilizer Seed Miao Fertilizer, Wang Changtian, Topdressing Potassium Fertilizer, Potassium Fertilizer, and Potash Fertilizer should be applied.
2 Species selection Hull, Chester, Boysen, Young, Triple Crown, Navaho, Brazos, and other varieties that perform well in Nanjing are currently selected. The development of blackberries should be based on the use of the corresponding species.
3 Seedlings are selected from 1 year old cutting seedlings, requiring more roots and thick seedlings without pests and diseases. If the rooting seedlings are used at the top of the year, the plants with good roots and thick seedlings should be used. The size of seedlings should be the same, and seedlings should be planted separately. Seedling thickness:> 0.5cm (ground diameter); seedling length: 20 ~ 30 cm.
4 Planting and constructing a planting ditch or digging a planting hole. The width of the planting ditch is 50 cm and the depth is 40 cm. The planting hole has a length of 50 cm and a depth of 40 cm.
The best time for planting seedlings is from early February to early March.
When seedlings are planted, basic fertilizer should be applied. The type and amount of base fertilizer should be farmyard manure, and the dosage should be 0.5-0.8m3 per mu. Organic compound fertilizers suitable for pollution-free use with effective contents of N, P and K of 25% can also be used. Mu 50 ~ 60Kg.
The planting spacing of seedlings varies from variety to species, specifically Hull, Chester, Brazos and Triple Crown: 250 cm150 cm; Boysen and Navaho: 180-200 cm130-150 cm; Young: 150-170 cm, 120-130 cm.
The specific method for planting seedlings is to carry out the ditching or digging in the best winter season. After the ditching or digging, the filling should be immediately put in, and the backing soil should be 1/2 to 2/3, and the basic fertilizer should be uniformly applied to the ditch when planting. Or in the hole, and mixed with the soil, then the soil, the root system can not be contacted with fertilizer when planting seedlings, planting seedlings to the depth of the roots and neck into the soil is appropriate.
Irrigation: The root water should be poured thoroughly. In case of drought, it needs rehydration 2 or 3 times.
Plantations should establish irrigation and drainage systems, especially large-scale gardens. The irrigation and drainage system is based on topography and geomorphology. Generally, a row of irrigation ditch is opened to the horizontal and vertical lines of 50 to 100 m, and the width and depth of the ditch are preferably 60 to 80 cm.
5 Stand frame and specifications: cement pile or stake, cement pile specifications vary by species, specifically Hull, Chester, Brazos and Triple Crown: 7cm9cm230 ~ 250cm; Boysen and Navaho: 6cm8cm210 ~ 230cm;: Young: 6cm7cm190 ~ 210cm. Wood pile thickness 6 ~ 8cm, length 200 ~ 250cm; iron wire with 12 ~ 14.
Bracket spacing: 5 ~ 6m.
Trip time: It can be carried out after planting, at the latest by the end of the year.
Pull the wire: pull two wires in the first year, the first wire is 50cm to 60cm from the ground, the second wire is 50cm from the first wire, and the third wire is pulled when the second year of trimming and kidnapping, the third wire distance The second wire 50cm.
6 General Management
6.1 cultivating sorghum and cover According to the situation of grass damage, cultivating sorghum for 3 to 5 times a year. Conditions can be covered with straw, straw and other crops, the thickness of 8 ~ 12cm. Coverage is generally in early spring, that is, in late February to early March. If covered, no cultivator can be used to rake the grass all year long.
6.2 Fertilization
6.2.1 Fertilizer Seed Miao Fertilizer, Wang Changtian, Topdressing Potassium Fertilizer, Potassium Fertilizer, and Potash Fertilizer should be applied.